Define the terms stress and strain.

Define the terms stress and strain.

Stress – when some external force are applied to a body, if offer resistance to these forces. The magnitude of this resisting force is numerically equal to the applied forces. This internal resisting force per unit area is called stress.

Stress can be defined as the intensity of internal forces resisting change in the shape of the body. It is calculated by simply dividing the force acting on an area by the area. Mathematically,

            Stress,    σ = P/A 

Where       P = Forces applied

                A = cross – sectional area.

Strain – strain is define as the deformation or change produced in the dimensions of a body due to the effect of stress. It is a ratio of the change I dimensions to the dimensions. Mathematically,

 Strain         ε = l – l0 / l = δl/l

Where        L = Original Length. 

                   L0 =Final length.  

                    δL= Change in length.

Strain is a dimensionless quantity.

 

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