Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a popular 3D printing technology that works by extruding thermoplastic filament layer by layer to create a physical object. It is widely used in prototyping, manufacturing, and hobbyist applications due to its affordability and ease of use.
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most widely used 3D printing technologies. It works by extruding thermoplastic filament through a heated nozzle, which moves layer by layer to build a 3D object.
How FDM Works
- Filament Feeding – A spool of thermoplastic filament (such as PLA, ABS, PETG) is fed into the printer.
- Heating & Extrusion – The filament passes through a heated nozzle, where it melts and is extruded onto the build platform.
- Layer-by-Layer Printing – The printer deposits the melted material in precise layers according to a digital model (usually an STL or G-code file).
- Cooling & Solidification – Each layer cools and solidifies before the next layer is added, gradually building the object.
Materials Used in FDM
- PLA (Polylactic Acid) – Easy to print, biodegradable, low-warping.
- ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) – Stronger, heat-resistant, but prone to warping.
- PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol) – Durable, flexible, and more impact-resistant.
- Nylon, TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) – For flexible, strong, or industrial applications.
Advantages of FDM
✅ Affordable and accessible technology.
✅ Compatible with a variety of thermoplastics.
✅ Simple to operate and maintain.
✅ Good for rapid prototyping and functional parts.
Disadvantages of FDM:
❌ Lower resolution compared to other 3D printing methods (e.g., SLA, SLS)
❌ Visible layer lines requiring post-processing
❌ Warping or adhesion issues with some materials
Limitations of FDM
❌ Limited resolution compared to SLA (resin printing).
❌ Prone to layer lines, requiring post-processing for a smooth finish.
❌ Warping and adhesion issues with some materials (e.g., ABS).
FDM is ideal for hobbyists, engineers, and manufacturers who need quick, cost-effective prototypes or end-use parts. Do you need recommendations on printers or materials? 🚀
Common FDM Filaments:
- PLA (Polylactic Acid) – Easy to print, biodegradable, low strength
- ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) – Strong, heat-resistant, but prone to warping
- PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol) – Tough, flexible, and moisture-resistant
- TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) – Flexible, rubber-like material
- Nylon – Strong, wear-resistant, but absorbs moisture.
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